Common Core Standards Essay

Much like the runways of Paris with its changing fashion trends, the world of education follows trends as well. Educators cringe when they hear â€Å"No Child Left Behind† some ten years beyond its advent. Now, the phrases â€Å"Common Core† and â€Å"Student Learning Objectives† have teachers seeing red. However, despite the latest and greatest trends to boost student achievement, the very same students in the United States continue to underperform on a global scale in Mathematics. In 2012, the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) bore out results that â€Å"29 nations and jurisdictions outperformed the United States by a statistically significant margin,† (Heiten, 2013). In order for our students to rise to a position high on the performance scale of nations, students must master the basics in all subjects, but more specifically in the area of Mathematics. In an effort to develop students with a deeper understanding of mathematical and language and reading concepts, forty-five states (my home state of Maryland being one of them) and the District of Columbia have adopted the Common Core Standards, a system of expected benchmarks for students in grades K-12. According to the Common Core State Standards Initiative website, the standards â€Å"define the knowledge and skills students should have within their K-12 education careers so that they will graduate high school able to succeed in entry-level, credit-bearing academic college courses and in workforce training programs,† (Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2014). The local statistics mirror the national data. Both present conditions which are symptomatic of a larger systemic problem; American students are not mastering mathematical concepts at any level. The learning environment is a fourth grade inclusion classroom in a neighborhood school in the suburban Washington, D.C. (Maryland) area. Students in the class are differently abled. The class has students with Individualized Learning Plans (IEP) to accommodate varying needs from Asperger’s Syndrome to mild intellectual disabilities. There are also students who have been tested and identified as Talented and Gifted (TAG), as well as on grade level learners. Students are taught in whole group, differentiated small groups, and occasional pull out sessions with specialists. Current Conditions There are twenty-one students in the fourth grade inclusion classroom. All students took a standardized unit test in October 2013 that tested the Common Core Standards taught in the first quarter of the 2013-2014 school year. Of these, Standard 4.OA.B – Find all factor pairs for a whole number in the range 1–100. Recognize that a whole number is a multiple of each of its factors. Determine whether a given whole number in the range 1–100 is a multiple of a given one-digit number. Determine whether a given whole number in the range 1–100 is prime or composite, (Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2014), only 20% scored at a level of â€Å"proficient† on standardized (MUST Test Result Data, 2013). The lack of proficiency in this standard is symptomatic of the underlying condition I have encountered; students have not yet mastered basic multiplication facts. Without mastery of basic multiplication facts 0-12, students are unable to manipulate and perform operations on fractions and decimals and subsequent pre-algebra concepts in the latter half of fourth grade and continuing into following grades through high school. Desired Conditions The current conditions for the fourth grade class is at 20% of students who have performed at a â€Å"proficient† level of mastery in basic mathematical facts. This is equivalent to a grade of 80%, or a â€Å"B†, in traditional percentage and letter grading systems used in the US. The desired state of performance is the inverse of the current statistics; 80% should have mastery at a level of proficient or advanced and 20% performing at minimal or below grade level standards. After mastering basic facts, students will be able to not only identify multiples and factors of numbers 1-100, they will also be able to perform operations on fractions and later, algebraic statements. Data Collection Processes Discussion of Data Collection Instruments The designer developed a survey for teachers of grades three through five in order to help determine where problems or areas of deficiency are in current math. The first two questions asked the percentage of their students who are currently proficient in accuracy and automaticity in multiplication facts. In other questions, respondents ranked their responses using a Likert Scale,  which helped to identify their attitude on the necessity of students mastering basic multiplication facts currently in order to develop a deeper understanding of current and future mathematical concepts. In the questionnaire, respondents were asked to rank what they believe to be their students’ biggest challenges in mastering this specific standard. Questions also asked the extent to which computer aided instruction is used in helping aid in mastery of multiplication facts. In getting answers to these questions, I will use the data to identify several factors; impact of teacher’s attitude t oward remediating students in basic facts that should have been mastered in the previous grade, and time dedicated to instruction and practice in this particular standard. Discussion of Sources of Data Six intermediate elementary (grades three through five) classroom teachers who instruct students in mathematics answered the survey and questionnaire. Students of these teachers range from those with special needs, general education needs, and also students identified as â€Å"Talented and Gifted† (TAG). Data Gathered Through Other Sources Quantitative data was gathered from the Prince George’s County Public Schools Mandatory Unit Systems Test (MUST) in Mathematics administered countywide to fourth grade students in 146 elementary schools. Specific data used in this needs analysis was limited to one fourth grade inclusion classroom, Lake Arbor Elementary, where the designer is the teacher. The designer collected further quantitative data from the same inclusion class on timed multiplication tests where twenty-two students answered 100 multiplication facts (0-12) problems in five minutes. Data Analysis Techniques Used The survey and questionnaire were designed to gather data that would substantiate the need for students to master basic multiplication skills in intermediate elementary grades. The survey was used to gather both qualitative and quantitative data based on teachers giving percentage results of students’ current level of performance. Teachers also ranked what they believed would improve their teaching of mathematics in the classroom. The questionnaire was designed to gather data on teachers’  attitudes of the importance of student mastery of basic multiplication facts. The questionnaire also served as a tool to gain input on the challenges the believe limit their students from performing on grade level in mathematics, particularly in mastering basic multiplication facts. Finally, teachers were given the opportunity to answer an open-ended question, which gauged their attitude toward the importance of mastery of basic multiplication facts in the modern world and classroom . Results of Analysis Question one of the survey asked what percentage of your students can answer basic multiplication facts with accuracy on most occasions. Findings of Needs Analysis While a majority of respondents determined mastery of basic multiplication facts as â€Å"essential for success in their current grade,† it is of note that two teachers said mastery of basic facts are â€Å"desirable, but not as important as in past year.† This information would indicate teachers’ attitudes are moving away memorization of facts, possibly due to the  widespread availability of technological applications that students can or will use in the classroom and later in life. The attitude towards the lowering of importance of rote memory skills for facts reflects the larger societal dependence on technology. Applications on smartphones and mobile devices are becoming increasingly used in place of mental math and are utilized both by the current generation of students in elementary school now, but also by the newer generation of teachers who instruct them. To further deepen the understanding of the philosophical shift in importance of memorization of multiplication facts, teachers were asked if they administered timed multiplication tests in their classroom. Furthermore, teachers were asked if they encourage an atmosphere of healthy competition for mastery of the facts amongst their students. While all six respondents reported that they do administer timed multiplication tests, only one teacher stated that there was an atmosphere of â€Å"healthy competition† amongst her students where they challenge one another to higher levels of performance. The information suggests that while teachers are still administering the tests as part of regular instruction, the instructors’ attitude of the importance of them as a way to aid in student mastery of facts is evidenced in the lack of encouragement by both teacher and students to achieve at higher levels. Finally in the questionnaire, teachers were asked to rank factors they believe to be the biggest challenge(s) their students face that prevent them from performing on grade level in their current math instruction. The two most common responses amongst all respondents cited both a lack of support from parents in practice of math facts and a lack of basic understanding and mastery of basic mathematical facts from addition and subtraction up to division and multiplication as the biggest barriers to student success. Goal of Instruction Given practice in automaticity and accuracy, fourth grade students will be able to independently complete 100 multiplication problems of basic facts 0-12 in five minutes time with an increase in automaticity and accuracy of 50% over a ten-week period as measured by a pre-test and post-test assessments. Having this knowledge will enable students to manipulate and perform operations on fractions and mixed numbers, as well as deepen their knowledge of factors and multiples for future instruction.

Black Dog by Penelope Lively Essay

Brenda Case is a mid-age housewife with personal problems. The English modern short story â€Å"Black Dog†, written by Penelope Lively, portrays Mrs. Case as being a frustrated woman with a peculiar manner, besides this she has difficulties to adapt within the society’s norms. This is probably because Brenda Case is going through the largest crisis in her life; the mid-life crisis. This gives Brenda some difficult factors to deal with. She is going through this emotional state of doubt and anxiety, realizing that her life is halfway over. Through the whole story Brenda is searching or her own sincere character, but has trouble finding it. As a defence mechanism, she supersedes all of her feelings. Was this the life she really would have wanted? The Black Dog symbolizes her â€Å"shadow life†. We’re situated in a suburb of England; the Case family is a regular middleclass family. Mrs. Case, who is the principle character, is a housewife and her husband, John, makes the money. Their life is characterized by the static tedious daily routine; her doing the shopping and him attending the Job. One day Brenda starts seeing a large Black Dog lying in their front yard. She constantly has a fear that the dog is going to eat her, basically paranoia of the wild animal. However, Mr. Case cannot see the dog. He even asks all the neighbours, but they haven’t seen the dog either. The colour of the dog should illustrate bad omen and negativity, but was this really signifying bad omen or was all this commotion simply caused by Brenda’s alter ego or her introverted state? As mentioned the dog symbolizes Brenda’s shadow life; the psychological term of the life that she could have had or if you live in the shadow of someone else. Mrs. Case obviously did not have a dream of becoming a housewife but she first realized her own character now. Perhaps she was pressurized from outside influences on what to do. This is also shown when Brenda follows the guidance from her two well turned- out daughters; they advice her to go on vacation and redecorate the house. However, when this made no progress they send her to the doctor’s office. All these recommendations are not helping Mrs. Case crisis, she finds out that facing the problem was the right solution for her. She understands that the Black Dog will be there all the time until she faces the real problem, her mid-life crisis. I would assume answering the question of â€Å"What is valuable in life? † and â€Å"What is the meaning of life? † would be a difficult task. The vagueness of the query is inherent in the word â€Å"meaning† and â€Å"value†, which opens the question to many interpretations. Some would use theological or spiritual explanations, where others would use scientific theories or philosophical arguments. The power of the words means different things to different people. Clearly Mrs. Brenda Case has gone through a her ageing children; all of a sudden she did not have to take care of her kids any longer. We can conclude that most outside influences have noting to do with your real self. You need to find your own sincere meaning of what life is and what goals you may have got. Some say a mid-life crisis also is the beginning of individuation and a process of self-actualization that continues on to death. But what is a mid-life crisis? Is it the physical changes associated with ageing or the changing of spousal relationship? Is it the death of parents or the children becoming adults? Perhaps it is the menopause for women and work issues for men? I guess a crisis through mid-life would involve reflections on what the individual has done up to that point often associated with feelings that not enough was accomplished. Maybe Brenda had the convincing that she one day would be successful accountant manager, instead she became a housewife wearing a pinafore. At the end of the story John Case suddenly see some footsteps of the dog, but what is causing his hallucination? A large question remains unanswered.

People of Filipino Heritage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

People of Filipino Heritage - Essay Example The literature review unveils some key findings that can be a hindrance to the provision of culture competent care. In communication, the Filipinos culture requires a nurse to demonstrate a high level of understanding and compassion through the use of the right and respectful title for the elderly. Nonverbal communication and respect for personal space are other aspects that will make communication effective. A brief look at the family organization and roles reveals that roles are given to members according to their age and ability. Those who can work fend for the family while the elderly are caregivers to the infants and the young. In health care, Filipinos use both traditional and contemporary medication. The traditional or herbalist intervention is the initial consultant before resorting to hospitals if conditions persist. Economic stagnation and a constantly growing labor force in the Philippines is the main cause of its emigration policy. The aim of this emigration policy is to export the surplus labor to other parts of the world and alleviate the level of pressure that the home economy is facing in an attempt to provide jobs (Zontini, 2010). In this study, the asymmetry of migration by gender is also a subject of discussion. Many of the literature cited in this work point to the socio-economic aspects of life as the main cause of migration from Philippines. The patterns of emigration of the Filipinos by gender have a number of differences. For most Filipino women, the countries that they migrate to present opportunities for female related jobs like nursing and health related functions. For their male compatriots, the countries they migrate to provide opportunities in fields that are labor intensive and masculine jobs. Examples of the counties that the males migrate to are Gulf region countries with oil and that provide labor intensive jobs. Females, on the

Organizational Management and Operations Research Paper

Organizational Management and Operations - Research Paper Example For instance, State bureaus of investigation is found to every Attorney’s general office of each state. Furthermore, State Governments have their own enforcement division like capitol police and Campus police. At the local organizational level of policing, there are county police or Sheriff’s Departments. County police have countywide authority or control which normally exist in metropolitan counties. County police have three categories which could be full service, limited service and restricted service. The difference in these three different services is the associated coverage control of their prevailing areas of responsibilities (Palmiotto & Unnithan, 2010, p.66). For instance, the full service country police tend to have control of the entire county with full spectrum of police services. The limited service couty police on the other hand may only have to provide their service to some areas under the existence of certain contracts. The restricted service country poli ce normally provide service as security police to facilities and parks of a county. However, in some local areas in the US, there are no county police, but instead the Sheriff’s offices, which both act as law enforcement agency and sheriff and country police at the same time. Just like county police, Sheriff’s offices could be categorized as full service, limited service and restricted service (Dempsey and Forst, 2011, p.62). Full service Sheriff’s offices have to cover all traditional law-enforcement functions like countywide patrol and initiate investigations in all municipal boundaries. Limited service of Sheriff’s offices on the other hand is linked with security police duties on county properties, so they have to perform some traditional law-enforcement duties. The restricted service Sheriff’s offices on the other hand are designed to provide basic court related functions like keeping the country jail, prisoners transportation, courthouse secu rity aid and other related functions. In addition, at the local organizational level, there are also municipa police in which they usually are identified as metropolitan police. In most cities in the US and larger towns, there are police departments that usually incur significant larger departments together with a considerable amount of budgets, resources and responsibilities. Analysis We are now ready to analyze the similarities and differences of the organizational, management, administration and operational functions of the above-stated organizational levels of policing. Common to all of the above policing organizational levels is their general basic function which is the law enforcement. This could be generally categorized as maintaining order, enforcing the law and providing services to the community (Cole & Smith, 2009, p.169). The Federal police have remarkable functions linked with law enforcement at the federal level. State bureaus of investigation, capitol police and Campu s police at the state level are designed to intiate a specific function which is to enforce the law within the State. Sheriff’s offices and county police on the other hand are obliged to enforce the law at varying categories of services at the county or municipal level. In other words, no one could contest the fact that these organizational le

Importance of technology in business (Radio frequency identification Assignment

Importance of technology in business (Radio frequency identification (RFID) - Assignment Example Due to its potential advantages such as no requirement of line of sight scanning (direct contact), RFID is increasingly being used by many organizations as an alternative to the bar code technology. RFID methods employ radio waves to automatically recognize and capture data pertaining to objects. An RFID system constitutes three parts: an RFID tag, an antenna and an RFID reader. RFID tags constitute an integrated circuit plus the antennae, charged with the duty to transmit data to a RFID reader (Li, Rida & Tentzeris, 2009). The reader then transforms the radio waves to a data form that is more useful. Closely following is the use of a given communications interface to transmit data the information gathered from the tags to the host computer system. The gathered data resides in a database system associated with this computer system whilst awaiting analysis. RFID was mainly intended to address the inefficiency that was associated with the barcode reader. Basically, the optical nature of the bar code has often required that the lasers see the labels associated with objects. The line of sight between the label on an object and the reader has often between impractical, difficult and at times impossible to attain in the industrial context (Tyler, 2007). Proper functioning of the bar code reader has always required that the object label and the reader are placed in positions that are relative to each other in addition to clean labels that are deprived of abrasion. Uckelmann (2012) asserts that clerks charged with store check outs have often had difficulty in making sure that a bar code reader is able to read the bar code associated with a given product. RFID device provides a tracking approach where the position of the product to be tracked does not have to be relative to that of the scanner. Using RFID, a client inside a supermarket could p lace his items in a basket then set the entire bag on the scanner. The scanner

Social Policy Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Social Policy Bachelor - Essay Example However 'secondary education for all' did come about after a fashion under the 1944 Act. Education in Britain as changed greatly since World War II, mainly due to the 1944 Education Act, which made secondary education free and compulsory until the age of 15 years. The views taken of education and its importance in national, economic and political terms have varied a great deal since then with each new government: there have been many good intentions but too few initiatives taken to achieve the ideal system. Unfortunately this means that, unless you are white, male, middle class and non-handicapped, the institution of the school may not be very helpful to your development, and your days at school may be remembered as a time of prejudice, frustration and lost opportunities. The immediate post-war period in Britain constituted a new way of thinking about public and private life. There were many promises heralding a better life for everyone, including the provision of free, compulsory secondary education: public education came to be seen as a 'bastion of national recovery' ( Gosden, 1983). Three types of school were suggested: grammar, technical and secondary modern with grammar schools continuing to be seen as superior and biased towards middle-class boys. The 1959 Crowther Report recommended raising the school leaving age to 16 years, the introduction of comprehensive school and a new exam below GCE level -- however, these moves towards equal opportunities were not completed until the 1970s. Similarly, the 1983 Newsom Report argued that pupils of below average ability should receive a greater share of resources, and recommended improved teacher training. From the 1960s onwards, education was seen more and more in the context of economics an instrument of national interest rather than personal fulfilment. Education became more and more under central (and parental) control in the 1980s -- the 1980 Education Act made it no longer the duty of LEAs to provide free school meals, and introduced parental scrutiny and choice. The second half the 1980s saw a restructuring, and the unashamed acknowledgement that the market was the new cornerstone of education Key aims were now to keep output constant and affordable, to remove LEAs as a source of education policy making, and to replace effectiveness with efficiency. The 1988 Education Act is a set of 'compromises and interventions' (Ball, 1990): it sets out the National Curriculum (fine in principle, but unfair in practice), more power to school governers, and the possibility of 'opting out' of LEA control by individual schools. Another area in which young people are not given the chance to fully develop their potential is that of Special Educational Needs (SEN), defined by the 1988 Education Act as a 'learning difficulty which calls for special educational provision to be made'. Judiciary system The development of education policy in Britain includes concept of 'educational disadvantage' since the 1950s, the comprehensive reorganization of secondary education in the 1960s and 1970s, the change in ideas on education in the 1980s and 1990s, and New Labour's policies. Political ideologies have shaped social policy of United Kingdom since 1945. The political party system, dating from the 17th century, is an essential element in the working constitution. Several parties win seats in

The world's oceans, Should Ocean Protected Areas Exist Essay

The world's oceans, Should Ocean Protected Areas Exist - Essay Example Should Ocean Protected Areas Exist (increase the area/rate)? Overexploitations of marine resources and overfishing have necessitated the need for ocean protected areas. Today marine protected areas have been proved to be essential for restoring fisheries, promoting marine biodiversity and increasing marine productivity in the oceans. Even though marine resources play a pivotal role in the economic development of the nation scientific studies reveal that â€Å"many of our marine resources are overexploited and face external environmental threats† (Sanchirico, Cochran & Emerson 1). Such overexploitation or overfishing adversely affect fragile ocean habitats, damage ocean ecosystems, cause disturbances in food chains and result in the loss of unique marine life communities. Marine resources are so much important for the humans as â€Å"97 % of all the water on the Earth is in the oceans† (Yang) and because â€Å"71% of Earth’s surface† (Woods Hole Oceanographic) is covered by oceans. Stabilizing climate temperatures, e xchanging of climate gases, and increasing biodiversity are parts of benefits that the ocean yields us. Similarly, ocean produces half of the oxygen that the humans breathe and offers a great environmental condition that keeps organisms alive and growing. As Langreth has rightly pointed out ocean offers shelter to an estimated â€Å"five million species, most of which have not yet been classified† (Langreth). However, man’s indiscriminate actions such as dumping waste materials, oils, overfishing, and noise pollutions pose great threat to the marine life in oceans. Therefore, it is imperative that man protects and conserves marine life through such radical measures as the marine protected areas. ... Certain species such as bluefin tuna have already been destroyed or disappeared from the ocean. While overfishing has led to the disappearance of tens of thousands of bluefin tuna across the seas of Northern Europe in the 1930s and 1940s it has contributed to the vanishing of Halibut from the North Atlantic during the 19th century (Overfished and under-protected: Oceans on the brink of catastrophic collapse). Similarly, trawling towards is one of the methods for fishing and it is really harmful to the ocean. Bottom-trawling which involves dropping a large net, â€Å"around 60 meters-wide into the sea and dragging it along with heavy weights from a trawler cause ‘worst and unnecessary damage’ to many species of fishes† (Overfished and under-protected: Oceans on the brink of catastrophic collapse). Marine pollution is another major harm done by the humans to the ocean. Mostly, man’s indiscriminate dumping of such harmful materials into the sea as pesticides, herbicides, chemical fertilizers, detergents, oil, sewage, plastics, and other solids result in massive marine pollution. These have caused around 400 dead zones around the world and these harmful materials â€Å"rob the water of oxygen, leaving areas where little or no marine life can exist† (Marine Pollution). In addition, noise pollution such as sound waves from the cargo ships also kills a lot of organism in the ocean. It has been identified that the presence of loud or persistent sounds from ships, sonar devices, oil rigs, and even from natural sources like earthquakes can â€Å"disrupt the migration, communication, hunting, and reproduction patterns of many marine animals, particularly aquatic mammals like whales and dolphins† (Marine Pollution). Marine protection is possible only through competent and

Prophecy in Eveline by James Joyce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Prophecy in Eveline by James Joyce - Essay Example This may be a prophetic utterance that signals the inability that Eveline displays in following her decision through to its very end. She is unable to take a strong and firm decision as to whether she wants to leave with Frank or stay on with her family. This inability to take a firm decision is then indicative of the modernist inertia that anticipates a painful end to any enterprise that would provide one with happiness. Happiness is then looked upon as a manifestation of meaning that would not be possible according to the modernist ethos. This would be an expression of the ultimate fate that befalls Eveline. Happiness for her is only something that lies in the anticipation. Even this is tinged with pain and the completion of pain is what eventually results. This impossibility of happiness is what the author is highlighting through the prophetic nature of the dialogue that Eveline’s mother utters. The nature of the dialogue also then needs to be analyzed and looked into. The dialogue has been a source of constant bafflement to critics through the ages. The language, which is most probably Irish, is one that Joyce frequently refers to. This is because of the fact that Ireland at this point of time was colonized by England and its language had, as a result, suffered a great deal. Joyce’s articulation is pessimistic in anticipating and conflating the fates of both the language and the protagonist of the story, Eveline. The language and the fact that many would not be able to understand its literal meaning, let alone the connotations of it, also points to the fact that the end the story would not offer an easy resolution. The resolution then is something that is foretold and in this prophecy of doom, there is a great deal of pessimism that Joyce is trying to articulate. This articulation then becomes one that indicates the modernist predicament- one that recognizes the inad equacy of language but still attempts to convey meaning through it. The story â€Å"Eveline† is a part of the collection Dubliners.

Chipotle Mexican Grill in Japan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chipotle Mexican Grill in Japan - Assignment Example However, over-regulation continues to restrain the economic growth and slows down the investment. To overcome this Chipotle must come up with a strategy that will make the market more accessible. Many governments continue to intervene in the trade and Japan is no exception. Tariffs, subsidies, and currency controls are some of the policies that chipotle has to put into consideration. Chipotle must sign a legal contract with the government of Japan through the law applicable to the contract, stating precisely the obligations and the methods of running the business (Yoshitomi, 6). With the high advancement of technology in Japan, many fast food shops have adopted a method where customers buy tickets for the food they want over the counter. Chipotle uses this method in all our restaurants and this will work to their advantage. The political environment is conducive since the country is politically stable and policies for foreign investments have already been put into place. In such a stable environment, Chipotle will definitely thrive in

Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 33

Analysis - Essay Example According to the data, Dicks Sporting Goods Inc. the company recorded a revenue of 1173.794 Million dollars based on the one year sales. The figure is too high and therefore, the company failed in the analysis test. The twelve month Debt/Capitalization ratio for the company is quite high from what the methodology requires of the company to go public. The leading companies that investors look for do not need money in order to be a going concern. The company has really borrowed a lot of money which is not a good sign for the investors. Dicks Sporting Goods Inc. has 1.84X as debt/EBITDA ratio. This is relatively higher figure. It therefore, means that the company will not be in a position service their current debt in a right manner and can lead to lower credit rating. According to the analysis, the company has a weak relative strength. Companies that have a relative strength of more than 90% is always considered to be very attractive. Therefore, the relative strength of 64% is not good enough for the investors to buy its

Hunger and eating Essay Example for Free

Hunger and eating Essay I remember a recent situation that involved my feeling of being in distress. This involved two reports that were due in two separate classes on the same day. One class required a written report and the other class was expecting an oral report. In addition, I had to run a couple of personal errands around town, including trips to the grocery and the pharmacy for my regular supply of items for the week. During that time that required full strategic management of my spare time when I was not in class, my car started making strange noises that was probably sending me a hint that it was time for me to visit the nearest car shop. To top that, my computer was also not cooperating with me, it would freeze every time I would open several windows and would take longer than usual to boot and reboot. In order for me to avoid freaking out over these multiple unforeseen and uncontrollable situations, I would run to the nearest cafeteria or coffee shop and grab a cup of coffee or a can of soda, and even match this with a bagel or a roll. I actually did not feeling any hunger pangs during those frequent trips to food stalls, but I need the chance to be able to â€Å"run away† from my problems for a while. That gave me the notion of freedom, in the sense that I could do something that I was not really expected to. At the same time, the motion of nursing on a cup of coffee or a can of soda kept my mind off thinking of the impending doom that awaits me in the classroom, when I turn in my haphazardly written report or when I start talking in front of my class to present my oral report. In addition, my short breaks from the reality that I have too much on my plate provided me a chance to temporarily forget, or on a more serious tone, deny that I was experiencing problems that could affect my performance in the coming few days. Another reason why I would drank and ate more frequently during stressful situations is that I also thought that most of my time will be consumed by running around town and trying to resolve technical issues of my car and computer. In addition, I would also need time to sit down, read, write and prepare for the two reports that are due soon. My short frequent visits to the cafeteria, fast food restaurants and vending machines would provide me assurance that I will not feel hungry while I work on my multiple tasks. So I was eating just to let my body know that I can not feel hungry later because I will be very busy working on multiple tasks. My recent behavior during that stressful time typifies several motivational theories that are associated with hunger and eating. I knew that my body will need nourishment sometime during the day for simple biological reasons, but I decided to feed myself or eat even when I was not hungry because I wanted to get the activity of eating a meal over with, so I had more time to work on my tasks. Eating right at that moment would also provide me a chance to concentrate on my two reports for a longer duration of time. Such mindset is based on a cognitive motivational approach to eating. There are also times when I would munch on a donut during study sessions with my classmates. I wasn’t really hungry at that time (Herman and Polivy, 1984), but I felt that I should eat with them so that I could fit into the group. We were all studying and reviewing our notes and textbooks, hence I felt like I belonged to the group. And since all of them are eating donuts that were brought in by a fellow classmate, I thought that it was the right thing to join in and act the way the rest of the group was acting. It is interesting to look back at those recent events when I always had either a cup or a can of some drink in my hand. The drink also served as a safety blanket for me (Schachter, 1971), a constant reminder that things are still near-normal because I could still go around will a drink, even if I really knew that I should have been literally running around to finish all my tasks. I think that after this essay, I will have a better control of my behavior, even if there are so many expectations from me in class and at home. I now understand that there are several motivating reasons that set an individual to eat. I am glad that I have not gained a significant amount of weight after that recent event (Jequier and Tappy, 1999; Weisell, 2002), and I think I am now ready for face the next difficult school week. References Herman, CP and Polivy, J (1984): A boundary model for the regulation of eating. In: Stunkard AJ and Stellar E, eds. Eating and Its Disorders. New York: Raven Press. Jequier, E and Tappy L (1999): Regulation of body weight in humans. Physiol. Rev. 99(2):451-80. Schachter, S. (1971): Emotion, Obesity, and Crime. New York: Academic Press. Weisell, RC (2002): Body mass index as an indicator of obesity. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr. 11:S681-S684.

“Ethics in Policing” Essay Example for Free

â€Å"Ethics in Policing† Essay In The Ethics of Policing, John Kleinig presents a broad discussion of the ethical issues that overwhelmed existing police organization and individual police officers. This debate is set surrounded by others that bring in the reader to basic approaches at present in support among moral philosophers (social contract, neo-Kantian and utilitarianthough thought of the recent efforts to widen virtue-oriented ethical theories is regrettably absent) and to many of the significant questions posed in the swiftly growing subfield of practiced ethics (such as whether professional ethics are constant with or in clash with so-called ordinary ethics). The discussions are consistently even-handed, broad and extraordinarily rich in detail. Kleinig sets out typologies of the kinds of force used by the police as well as variety of dishonesty in which they occasionally engage range of distort exercise, alternative actions for holding police responsible, and the like. He offers wide-ranging debate of the role and history of police codes of ethics, the changes made on the personal lives of police, and the challenges to police management facade by unionization and confirmatory action. In short, this book is much more than a directory of police ethical issues with reference for their solutionit is that, of course, but it is also an beginning to professional ethics in general, a articulate staging of important existing moral theories, a outline of the key legal decisions affecting police work, and a rich representation, both understanding and essential of the police officers world. Kleinig concentrates on his topic with a large idea of ethics, one that runs from meticulous problems (such as police judgment and use of force), through common problems (such as the ethics of misleading tactics and the nature of dishonesty), to deliberation of the effects of police work on police officers moral fiber (such as the regrettable inclination of police to distrust and hostility), all the way to organizational difficulty (such as those about the arrangement of answerability and the status of whistleblowers). Right through his rich and caring conversation, it seems as if the difficulty of ethical policing is just that of how the police can morally carry out the job they are assigning and putting into effect the laws they are furnished to implement. Kleinig considers that many of the ethical problems facing the police have their cause in (or are at least supported and assisted by) the trend of police to appreciate their own role as that of law enforcers or crime-fighters. This promotes over trust on the use of force, predominantly lethal force and enhances police officers sense of hostility from the society they are sworn to serve. Furthermore, this self-image makes police doubtful of, hostile to, and commonly unhelpful with police administrations inspired programs such as community policingthat aim to redesign the police into a more comprehensible organization. Amusingly, the police self-image as crime-fighters continue in the face of practical studies showing that law enforcement per se, the engaging and catching of criminals, takes up only a small number of police officers work time. Much more time is in fact spent by the police doing things like crowd and traffic organizing, dispute resolution, dealing with medical tragedies, and the like. Consider Kleinigs argument of police dishonesty. Kleinig takes up Lawrence Shermans view that allowing police to agree to a free cup of coffee at a diner starts the officer on a slippery slope toward more serious graft because, deliberating he has accepted a free cup of coffee makes it difficult for the officer to stand firm when a bartender who is in action after legal closing hours presents him a drinkand this in turn will make it harder to resist yet more serious attempts to bribe the officer to not enforce the law. Sherman then suggests that the only way to fight corruption is to get rid of the kinds of laws, first and foremost vice laws that provide the strongest lure to corruption of both police and criminals. In opposition to Shermans view, Kleinig believe sthat of Michael Feldberg, who argue that police can and do differentiates between minor gratuities and bribes. Kleinig consent. Kleinig takes corruption to be a topic of its motive (to misrepresent the carrying out of justice for personal or organizational gains) relatively than of particular manners. This is a nice difference that allows Kleinig to detach corrupt practices from other ethically problematic practices, such as taking gratuitiesof which the free cup of coffee is an example. Quoting Feldberg, Kleinig writes that what makes a gift a gratuity is the reason it is given; what makes it corruption is the reason it is taken (Kleining, 1996, 178). Gratuities are given with the hope that they will encourage the police to frequent the organization that give them, and certainly, the police will often stop at the diner that gives them a free cup of coffee. Thus, Kleinig follows Feldberg in philosophy that recieving coffee is wrong because it will tend to draw police into the coffee-offering business and thus upset the democratic value of even-handed distribution of police protection. Kleinig takes up the question of entrapment by first allowing for the so-called subjective and objective advances to determining when it has occurred. On the subjective approach, entrapment has happened if the government has rooted the intention to commit the crime in the defendants mind. So implicit, the defence of entrapment is overcome if the government can show that the defendant already had (at least) the outlook to perform the type of crime of which he is now blamed. On the objective approach, anything the intention or disposition of the real defendant, entrapment has arised if the governments contribution is of such a character that it would have made a usually law-abiding person to commit a crime. Kleinig condemns the subjective approach by indicating that the behaviour of a government cause that constitutes entrapment would not do so if it had been done by a classified citizen. Thus, the subjective approach fails to clarify why entrapment only relay to actions performed by government means. For this grounds, some turn to the objective approach with its stress on improper government action. However, as Kleinig skilfully shows, this approach experience from the problem of spelling out what the government must do to, so to converse, create a crime. It cannot be that the government agent was the sine qua non of the crime since that would rule out lawful police does not entice operations; nor can it be that the government agent simply made the crime easier since that would rule out even undisruptive acts of providing public information. The objective approach seems based on no more than essentially controversial intuitive judgments about when police action is excessive or objectionable. The reason is that this account is susceptible to the same opposition that Kleinig raised in opposition to the subjective approachit fails to explain why entrapment only relates to actions carried out by a government agent. Certainly, the problem goes deeper because Kleinigs account supposes that government action has a particular status. As Kleinig point to, the same actions done by a private citizen would not comprise entrapment. It follows that actions done by a government agent can dirty the evidentiary picture, while the same actions done by a private citizen would not. But, then, we still need to know why entrapment refers only to actions carried out by government agents. To answer this, Kleinig must give more power to the objectivist approach than he does. When it does more s Kleinig notes but fails to integrate into his accountthe government becomes a tester of virtue rather than a detector of crime (Kleining, 1996, 161). Indeed, much practical crime fighting is wrong because it does not so much fight crimes as it fights criminals, taking them as if they were an unseen enemy who need to be drawn out into the unwrap and take steps. As with corruption, it seems to me that Kleinig has measured entrapment with active criminal justice practice taken as given and thus, by default, as not posing a confront to ethical policing. Kleinig suggests that as an alternative of law enforcers or crime-fighters, police ought to be consider and think of themselvesas social peacekeepers, only part of whose task is to put into effect the law, but whose larger task is to remove the obstruction to the even and pacific flow of social life. (Kleining, 1996, 27ff) Kleinigs disagreement for significant the police role as social peacekeeping has three parts. The first part is the gratitude that, while social agreement theories lead to the idea of the police as just law enforcers, the information is that we have (as I have already noted) always likely the police to play a larger role, taking care of a large diversity of the barrier to quiet social life. The second part of the quarrel is that the idea of the police as peacekeepers, in totaling to equivalent to what police essentially do, reverberates adequately with practice, in exacting with the idea of the kings peace, the organization of which might be thought of as the predecessor of modem criminal justice tradition. Kleinig thinks will flow from this preconceiving of the police role: a less confused, more helpful and pacifying relationship between the police and the society; a compact dependence on the use of force, particularly lethal force, to the point that force is sighted as only a last alternative among the many possessions accessible to the police for eliminating obstacles to social peace. The very fact that police are armed (and dressed in military-style uniforms) for law enforcement makes it just about overwhelming that they will be used for crowd and traffic control. Subsequently, if a small group of persons is to keep a large, volatile and potentially dodgy group in line, it will surely help if the small group is armed and in distinguishing dress. As for the other jobs allocated to the police, it must be distinguished that these jobs are not generally executed by the police for the community as a whole. Middle class and wealthier folks do not turn to the police for dispute resolution or help in medical emergencies. Ignored in this way, the poor call on the police when there is problem and reasonably so. The police are at all times there, they make house calls, and they do not charge. Practices that outcome from our negligent treatment of the poor should scarcely be lifted to normative position in the way that Kleinig in cause does by speaking of what we have allocated to the police. Only some have had the authority to assign the police these additional jobs, and even those influential few seem more to have deserted the jobs on the police than considerately to have assigned them. Most significantly, however, distinguishing the police as peacekeepers has the trend to cover over what is still the most important truth about the police, the very thing that calls for extraordinary good reason and for particular answerability, namely, that the police have the ability to order us around and to use aggression to back those orders up. For example, when Kleinig takes up the police arguments that they should be treated like proficiently and thus standardize themselves, Kleinig objects only on the position that It is uncertain whether police can lay claim to such focused knowledge not available to lay persons as renowned professions, such as medicine and law do. (Kleining, 1996, 40) Similarly, in explanation why police may correctly be focused to civilian review boards, Kleinig says that the police provide a society service at a cost to the society and thus ought to be answerable to the public they serve. (Kleining, 1996, 227) The police are precisely subject to remote review to a level that the local authority company is not, and the grounds are the particular authority and authority the police have and the suitably tense relation involving that power, essential as it is, and the free public it both defend and threatens. Conceivably, after all, the cops are right in opinion of themselves as law enforcers and crime fighters. Reading John Kleinigs book is an extremely good way for anyone to learn just how uncomfortable that situation is. References Kleining, John (1996) The Ethics of Policing, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.

Impact of Health and Safety Practices in Healthcare Work

Impact of Health and Safety Practices in Healthcare Work Introduction The cases study focuses on the failings in a private hospital due to the non-compliance of health and safety that led to the death of one staff and seriously injuring another. These failings have led to negative impacts on the employees who were affected, the family members and friends of those who affected and the organisation who failed to comply with the health and safety regulations. The impact of the failings on the employees and their relatives Financial In the case study the first employee was financially affected by the failings of the organisation to comply with health and safety regulations. The first employee to be injured by the faulty equipment suffered from third degree burns to their arms. Third degree burns are the most severe burns, which require treatment. (Getty Doyle and George Doyle, 2014) Depending on how badly the burns have affected the function of their arms, the employee will suffer further loss if they have to retire from their job. This will prevent them from bringing in income to support their responsabilities such as family; pay for addition treatment that they may also require in future. It must also be taken into consideration that this employee may never find employment again. If this is the case the individual will either have to depend on their support network or look for other sources of income such as benefits (GOV, 2015). This will also place the family members and relatives of the employee under press ure, having to take on some of the financial responsabilities of the employee not working and having to support them when they may already have their own needs and responsabilities to take care of. Likewise, the second employee to suffer from the non-compliance of health and safety lost their life due to the severity of the incident. This will place a burden and great strain on the family members of the employee. They will have to spend money paying for funeral costs, debts left behind from the person and taking responsibility for any other costs left behind (Cordon et al, 2008). Moral During and after the incident experienced by the first employee, they suffered from pain and will go through trauma of their experience (Osullivan, 2012). Despite the employee reporting the incident it was not taking into consideration that the equipment was unfit to use and the staff member themself was blamed for mishandling the equipment. This in it self was unacceptable as the worker had already suffered without feeling like the incident was their fault. The second employee has lost their life which can not be fixed or replaced, due to the failing of the organisation and the incident that took place could have been prevented had the correct health and safety measures been implemented and practiced. The purpose of health and social care is to prolong life and delay death (McDermid and Bagshaw, 2009) Physical and health implications The first employee to suffer from the non-compliance of health and safety by the hospital, experienced pain and trauma. The physical effects of the incident can also lead to depression and loss in self-confidence due to the change in his appearance. As mentioned, third degree burns are the most severe burns and from this the employees nerves are damaged affecting the way they are able to carry out activities (Getty Doyle and George Doyle, 2014). The health implication to the second worker was that they did not survive the incident, as so therefore that was the end result on their health. The organisation Financial After investigation from the Health and Safety Executives (HSE) and police, it was found that the responsibility of the failings would fall onto the hospital because of the negligence, having no adequate maintenance of equipment and staffs were not trained to a satisfactory level to use the machine. The private hospital will suffer financial loss and have the financial responsibility for the workers who suffered. If the employee who suffered from the third degree burn was to have financial costs to pay for their treatment and any after effects such as depression, it will become the responsibility of the organisation, as it is their fault that this employee sustained those injuries. All organisations have employers liability insurance which will cover these costs, if the organisation failed to have this then they would be breaching the law BBC, 2000) After the imprisonment of the managing director and around one hundred members of staff involved in the incident, the private hospital will lose out on production costs. The organisation will also have to make it a priority to recruit new staff; pay for training and change the way health and safety is implemented and monitored in the organisation. As well as this financial implication the hospitals reputation will also be put on the line due to their negligence, preventing the registration of new clients and also putting off potential staff. Legal Due to the incident being the fault of the hospital, they will be required to pay compensation to the employee who suffered third degree burns. The compensation can be to cover the cost of loss of income and pain caused by the injury (Morris, 2013).   Compensation will also be paid to the family members of the worker who lost their life. This is because of the financial costs they will have and to help support any dependents of the worker. Due to the outcome of the investigation the managing director of the private hospital and almost one hundred members of staff at that hospital were given a sentence of twelve months in prison. This is a form of legal prosecution for their failings and lack of responsibility. Moral When the first incident took place the worker reported it to the hospital. They passed it off as being the workers fault and kept the faulty machine in used for staff, which led to the death of the second worker. Had the organisation followed policies and procedures to monitor equipment and acted on the first incident, the death of the second worker could have been prevented. This shows a lack of care, respect ad consideration for their staff. Conclusion It can be seen how the impact of non-compliance with health and safety measures, policies, procedures and regulations has led to implications on the workers and their family members. Had the hospital followed the health and safety measures, the death of the worker could have been prevented and it could have also prevented all the loss the hospital had to incur due to negligence by a large amount of their staff. 3.2 Analyse the effectiveness of health and safety policies and practices in the workplace in promoting a positive, healthy and safe culture Introduction In my previous employment working as a Support Assistant, there were different policies and practices used to promote a positive health and safety culture. This was achieved through communication, training, providing staff with feedback and reporting health and safety concerns to management. Systems for communicating information and consulting with staff The first practice was to share information on health and safety through different methods of communication. Those methods include appraisals, newsletters, meetings, emails and posters. From my experience I found meetings to be one of the most effective methods used by managers and high level professionals of the organisation to communicate and consult staff. This is due to meetings allowing all levels of staff to make contributions and share their own experiences on health and safety. It also gives professionals the opportunity to communicate and interact directly, minimising the chances of barriers to communicating important information. During each meeting minutes were used to keep records of who attended meetings, what was discussed, what contributions were made and what actions were to be taken on health and safety. This promoted positive health and safety Despite meetings being a way to promote positive health and safety culture in my organisation, some staff failed to make positive contributions and did not achieve the actions that were noted in the minutes. This would often set back the team. For instance, we found that a number of customers who used the service were high risk and staff such as myself bought this up during the team meeting and came up with the solution to make a record of these customers so that we can have the right health and safety measure when they used the service. However, some staff did not take the time to identify the staff, putting others staff and customers at risk. Systems for reporting concerns and addressing feedback Other practices and policies for promoting a positive health and safety culture in the organisation I worked for are systems for reporting health and safety concerns and management addressing feedback from staff. My organisation used meetings and staff surveys. During the team meetings, managers would give feedback to staff about their concerns about health and safety and also took into account the proposals made to staff about methods of improving health and safety in the organisation. Like previously mentioned meetings was an effective system used as what was discussed was recorded as evidence as well as having the whole team present to ensure that everyone was aware. Myself and other staff also had the opportunity to speak directly with managers about our concerns and what the correct procedures were on dealing with health and safety concerns. Although, it was difficult to discuss with one of the managers, this way also meant that the discussion was not recorded and on some occasi ons that manager was not very supportive or active in given staff feedback. Surveys were also provided by other levels of the organisation, which gathered information from every member of staff in the organisation, once the surveys were complete the two-team managers, and the senior manager would give feedback during the team meeting. Training in health and safety Training is another system that was used to promote positive health and safety culture in my organisation. There were multiple forms of training such as distant learning training online and attending training days at a training centre. On my first day of employment I had induction training which introduced me to the organisational structure; fire evacuation plans and fire exit locations; health and safety kit location and the appointed first aider and was given the files introducing me to the customers I would be responsible for. I was given access to an online portal containing the policies and procedures of the organisation such as lone working and Data Protection Act 1998. I had to undergo further training on specific health and safety needs of the customers such as Managing Aggression and Domestic abuse. The training that staff received by the organisation promoted positive health and safety culture as it managers supported staff in selecting their training so that it was focused on the needs of the customers they were providing services for, preventing them from being overloaded with irrelevant information and so that their time was allocated accordingly. Staffs were also required to give feedback at the end of each training session to make contributions to the way that training was provided and if they felt that any changes could be made to improve the training. Conclusion Despite meetings being an effective practice to promote a positive health and safety culture in my organisation, it can be seen that the contribution of staff plays an important role in how positive the health and safety culture is. I also felt that during my experience the way managers and senior professionals in the organisation dealt with addressing feedback from staff was not very effective, despite it increasing staff awareness on health and safety and also increasing their contributions on managing health and safety in the organisation. 3.3 Evaluate  own  contributions  to  placing  the  health  and  safety  needs  of  individuals  at  the  centre  of  practice. Introduction During my experience working as a Support Assistant, I worked with vulnerable customers in the community that needed support for Money; Benefits, debts and rent arrears; Health emotional, physical, substance misuse, sexual; Employment and education; Housing; Loneliness and isolation. (GOV, 2015) In the organisation I worked for it was imperative to place the health and safety needs of the individuals who used the service at the centre of practice. My responsibilities as a Support Assistant that placed the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice My main responsibilities as a Support Assistant in relation to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice, was to work in partnership with other services to provide support to the customers in order to support them in maintaining their accommodation, support them to find accommodation and live independently at home and in the community. I was good at complying with my responsibilities as I actively worked well in multi-agency and multi disciplinary teams, using effective communication, respecting different knowledge, skills and expertise as well as making positive contributions to team work. I executed my responsibilities well always making the individuals the focus of my care and ensuring that through all support provided was for their needs. There were multiple aspects that made it difficult to place the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice, one of those aspects being shortage of staff. During my employment there were periods of high staff turnaround, due to problems with management. This meant that I would have to take on more cases of customers and having to manage a high workload of complex cases. I was still expected to manage my time effectively and work within the same time frames, which I found difficult. I also feel that this limited my ability to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. My training as a Support Assistant to place  the  health  and  safety  needs  of  individuals  at  the  centre  of  practice On starting my employment I was given an induction training on the organisation as a requirement under the Health and Safety at Work Act (HASAWA) 1974. (GOV. 2012) Some of the training that I received based on the health and safety need of individuals were on The Data Protection Act 1998 which also incorporates confidentiality; Lone working policy and procedures; Fire; Safeguarding of Vulnerable Adults (SOVA); Violence and Aggression policy and procedures; Carrying out risk assessments; Gifts and Gratuities policy and procedures; The Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013. During my employment as a Support Worker I attended the training that was chosen by my team manager, to meet the health and safety needs of the individuals using the organisation. Throughout my employment I used my knowledge from training to deal with practical situations. This allowed me to put the needs of individuals at the centre of practice. However, a limited amount of the training required for placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice was not available to me as a support worker. Despite this I was able to use my previous experience in health and social care to manage health and safety in order to place the needs of individuals at the centre of practice. For instance, part of my responsibility to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice was to partner up with Support Workers to attend home assessments of the customers. These home assessments involved carrying out risk assessments, asking the customers questions and actively listening to them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Risk assessments were used to identify the needs of the customers, which through my work I would help to support through working in partnership and with other agencies. Despite training allowing me to contribute towards placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice, I found that it was not always effective in every situation. Although training is a form of preparation for health and safety measures, real life situations vary and I had to be able to gain experience in dealing with health and safety through my practical work. My interactions as a Support Assistant with individuals, groups and agencies As a Support Assistant I was required to work with individuals, groups and agencies. I interacted with individuals (customers) in accordance with the organisation policies I used the person centred approach of promoting individuals right to make choices and informed decisions in order to place their health and safety needs at the centre of practice. In order to achieve this I used effective communication skills of listen, being empathetic, clarity, feedback and using appropriate communication methods for the individuals needs (Doyle, 2016). As well as using effective communication I worked in the community to meet individuals at their homes for those with physical and mental needs and upon the request of customers. However, on some occasions my interactions with some of the individuals could have been better. For instance, during an interaction with a customer who wanted permanent housing he became aggressive because he was not getting what he wanted from the service being provided. The customer did not feel that his individuals needs were being met by the service. However, he failed to understand that there was a registration process that was required to gather his information including a risk assessment and needs assessment to be able to meet his needs. During this interaction I feel that I could have been assertive, which would have allowed me to minimise his aggression and interactive with him more effectively to place his health and safety needs at the centre of practice. My interactions as part of a group were one of my strengths that allowed me to make a positive contribution towards placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. The team had a good relationship, which allowed continuous interactions through meetings, group discussions and general discussions on how to promote the health and safety of individuals. During group interactions I was able to contribute my ideas, experiences and knowledge which was always taken into consideration and also interacted with the group to gain information and knowledge and skills that would help me to making more and improved contributions to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. As effective as my interactions were, the interactions with agencies were not always very effective and made it difficult to place the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice. As mentioned, part of my responsibilities were to work in partnership with other services and agencies, so good interaction was crucial. However, for interactions to be effective and beneficial it requires the cooperation and participation of both parties. From my experience I put full effort into interacting with other agencies, using different methods of communication to interact with the agencies if for any reason they were not available. This included sending emails using Information Communication Technology (ICT), writing letters, making telephone calls and attending the organisation directly. I exhausted all efforts especially when the health and safety needs of the individuals were high. On many occasions the organisations did not interact with me. This was often for many reasons such as having other priorities, having other workloads apart from working with the individuals from my organisation and some agencies were just uncooperative for their own needs. Poor and ineffective interaction meant that the health and safety needs of individuals were not always put at the centre of practice despite my contributions. Conclusion I believe that the contributions I made to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice was done to the best of my ability and for me this was a priority due to the vulnerability of the customers who used the services. This was achieved by encouraging customer involvement; using my training to manage health and safety; complying and following organisational practices and using my communication skills to interact with individuals, groups and agencies. I found that despite the contributions I made to placing the health and safety needs of individuals at the centre of practice there were factors that limited my contributions and made it difficult to effectively achieve such as bad partnership relationships, some interactions being limited due to poor partnership working and some training not being accessible. References BBC. 2000. Personal injuries: How they pay. Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/687987.stm (Accessed 7 March 2017) Cordem et al. 2008. Financial Implications of Death of a Partner. Available at: https://www.york.ac.uk/inst/spru/research/pdf/Bereavement.pdf (Accessed 7 March 2017) Doyle, A. 2016. Top 10 Communication Skills for Workplace Success. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/communication-skills-list-2063779 (Accessed 28 February 2017) Doyle G and Doyle G. 2014. Burns: information on first, second and third degree burns and how to treat them. Available at: http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/conditions/accidents-and-first-aid/a5366/burns/ (Accessed 7 March 2017) GOV. 2012. Health and safety training. Available at: http://www.hse.gov.uk/pubns/indg345.pdf (Accessed 28 February 2017) GOV. 2015. Key Support. Available at: http://www.haringey.gov.uk/housing/housing-related-support-supporting-people/housing-related-support-services-and-charges/key-support#problems_and_issues (Accessed 28 February 2017) GOV. 2015. Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefits: technical guidance. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/industrial-injuries-disablement-benefits-technical-guidance/industrial-injuries-disablement-)enefits-technical-guidance (Accessed 7 March 2017) McDermid R and Bagshaw S. 2009. Prolonging life and delaying death: The role of physicians in the context of limited intensive care resources. Available at: https://peh-med.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1747-5341-4-3 (Accessed 7 March 2017) Morris, I. 2013. Your rights after an injury at work and how to claim compensation. Available at: https://dircect2compensation.co.uk/articles/work-accidents/your-rights-after-an-injury-at-work (Accessed 7 March 2017) Nickle, B. 2013. The Train Drain: Why training may not be the solution. Available at: http://www.leanhealthcareexchange.com/?p=3154 (Accessed 28 February 2017) OSullivan, T. 2012. Workplace Trauma Can Trigger PTSD. Available at: http://www.lhsfna.org/index.cfm/lifelines/june-2012/workplace-trauma-can-trigger-ptsd/ (Accessed 7 March 2017)

Terry Fox Essay -- essays research papers

In Canadian history there are many famous people. In my mind one really stands out among the rest. His name is Terry Fox and he is one of the greatest athlete to run on the face of this planet. Terry discovered he had cancer and then decided to run across Canada. He was a brave man who would take what the world through at him. Running across Canada was his way to show the world that he was not going out with out a fight. Terry Fox was born in Winnipeg Manitoba on July 28 1958 Terry was raised in port Coquintlam, British Columbia. He was very athletic from a young age. When he was in grade eight Terry was rated nineteen out of nineteen on his basketball team. For that first season he was on the court for approximately one minute. This did not affect Terry and did not let it get to him, fore just two years later Terry was the starring player on his team. By the time he graduated he became one of two athletes to receive the schools highest athletic award. Terry knew that aches and pains are common in athlete’s lives. At the end of his first year of university there was a new pain in his knee. One morning Terry woke up to see that he could no longer stand up. A week later Terry found out that it was not just an ache he had a malignant tumor; his leg would have to be cut off six inches above the knee. Terry’s doctor told him that he had a chance of living but the odds were fifty to seventy percent. He also said that he should be glad it happened now fore just 2 years ago the chance of living was fifteen percent. The night before his operation a former coach brought Terry a magazine featuring a man who ran a marathon after a similar operation. Terry didn’t want to do something small if he was going to do something he was going to do it big. "I am competitive" Terry said, "I’m a dreamer. I like challenges. I don’t give up. When I decided to do it, I knew it was going to be all out. There w as no in between Terry’s sixteen month follow up he saw all the young people suffering and getting weak by the disease. He never forgot what he saw and felt burdened to thoughts that died to run this marathon. He was one of the lucky one in three people to survive in the cancer clinics. Terry wrote asking for sponsorship " I could not leave knowing that these faces and feelings would still be here even though I would be set free of mine, s... ...sed in the middle of the street. "Yesterday I could run twenty three miles and now I can’t cross the street." Terry said. Terry’s mother cried as Terry spoke to the reporters "Well, you know, I had primarily cancer is in my lungs and I have to go home." His voice broke as he spoke. But he continued "and have some more x-rays or maybe an operation that will involving opening my chest or more drugs I’ll do everything I can. I’m gonna do my best. I’ll fight. I promise I wont give up." His father pleated with him to give up and take the rest of his life slowly. For ten months Terry battle with the disease left him in pain for most of the end of his life. Terry died with his family beside him on June 28, 1981 one month before his twenty third birthday. Terry Fox in my opinion was a true Canadian hero He went to his limit to fulfill the dreams of all his friends that he made in the cancer clinics. He gave his life to those people and died for them. Terry is not a person that anybody will forget. He is and amazing person and a good role model for anybody to look up to. He has proven that he can take anything the world throws at him.

Why The Crucible Remains Important Today Essay -- Essay on The Crucibl

Why ‘The Crucible’ Remains Important Today For a story of any kind to have any relevance or meaning some 50 years after being written and indeed almost 400 years after it was set, it needs to contain themes and ideas that have been uniformly felt and experienced by people from all walks of life as well as continuing to speak to and have meaning to new and changed generations of people. Years after being written, Arthur Miller’s ‘The Crucible’, still successfully speaks to numerous generations of people, that although live in different countries, under different governments and belong to different peer groups, experience the same issues that the characters of ‘The Crucible’ experienced as well as the same issues that were experienced by Arthur Miller at the time of writing. ‘The Crucible’ effectively addresses not only the issue of conformity found in all social groups, it illustrates the remarkable amount of power a select group of people may possess, purely because it is they who are entitled to interpret the various law and morals by which people live as well as the numerous injustices that continue to torment mankind. A strong theme in ‘The Crucible’, conformity is an idea or even an issue that has been present and has plagued mankind for generations. The indisputable need to conform to the Church’s view and those of its ministers is gravely evident in ‘The Crucible’ and causes much personal conflict in the play’s characters. The group of accused charac-ters must eithe...

Street Scalpers :: essays papers

Street Scalpers Ticket scalping has shown much benefits to both consumers and sellers, and where demand meets supply. For the ultimate consumers, scalpers offer an alternative to purchasing the much sought after tickets without waiting in line. However, at a higher monetary value! Demand for these "easy" tickets has been great that keeps ticket scalping going on for years. There are different value people put in the things they do over the others. What is the value an individual put to wait in line or to pay a higher price differs these people into two groups. From the economic perspective, people who waits in line expects their marginal benefits from the ticket to match or exceed their marginal cost. While others choose to purchase from street scalpers has place their time as their marginal benefits over the marginal cost of higher price. Ticket scalping will thrive as long as there is demand for the service and people are willing to pay a higher price. As the two group of people identify their marginal benefits opposite of one another, the price for the same event changes as well. The time-cost to wait in line seems higher to the buyers from the scalpers and therefor, it is fair that they pay a higher price for the ticket without having to spent unproductive hours. To enforce restrictions on reselling tickets, the price of the tickets will become less affordable as there will be less audience to make the event more successful and profitable. It will also cost the scalpers to charge their customers an even higher price. The best solution to stop ticket scalping is to have enough tickets for everyone who wants it.

Sky bus airlines

Sky coach Airlines and Ryan air hoses were the both low cost air hoses and besides both companies were the rivals to each others. Both companies had struggled much to vie each other. The scheme of the both of the companies was about same to offer the low menu to the clients but due to the different installations and services the out semen of the both companies was wholly different. Basically low cost scheme is considered as a good arm into the market to vie the rival. So we must cognize about the low monetary value scheme that what is it where does it of import till what extent it should utilize. We can better understand it with following. â€Å" A low scheme in which a company offers the low monetary value to carry through the demands of the economic system and besides to acquire the high market portion into the market any company can utilize this scheme where the merchandise has no advantage of competition If we see with the point of these air hoses so this consist ofA individual rider categorySame type of aircraftPoint-to -Point FlightsFlying to Secondary and Regional Airports due to less congestionFree services for catering and other complimentary services is been eliminatedWhile we make analysis of the recent scheme be aftering history we should cognize about the company ‘s debut foremostCritical analysis of Ryan Air and Sky coachIntroductionRyan Air was the first no frills air hose in whole Europe. This air hose was setup by the ryan household headed by TONY RYAN in 1985 with the lowest portion capital we cant believe that the in first when ryan air takes a start the portion capital of this air hose Washington merely & amp ; lb ; 1 at that clip there was merely 25 staff members it lanuch its first fligth in the which is 15 seater aircraft. After wards ryan air started there manner to success by set uping the first flight from Dublin to london luton in merely & amp ; lb ; 99 which the lowesr menu at that clip it was the half monetary value of the ticket comparing the other line. if we have a expression upon the twelvemonth 2006 the air hose reecord the half twelvemonth porfit of ˆ329m for the first half of financial twelvemonth 2007. The unit cost of the air hose addition by 7.5 per centum. The air hose was incresed by the 9 per centum as entire grosss which Is arise by 33 per centum to ˆ1.256bn. If we have a expression upon the twelvemonth 2006 the air hose reecord the half twelvemonth porfit of ˆ329m for the first half of financial twelvemonth 2007. Ryan air in 2008. Ryan Air has introduced 950 plus low menu paths across 26 states, linking 150 finishs. Ryan air is the World ‘s favorite air hose which operates a fleet of 210 new Boeing 737-800 aircraft with steadfast orders for a farther 102 new aircraft ( before taking history of planned disposals ) , which will be delivered over before the terminal of 2010. There are more than 7,000 people employed and Ryan air expects to transport about 66 million riders in the current financial twelvem onth In 2009 its recorded that Ryan air had carried 65 million riders to different finishs of the universe it increase the growing by transporting the 5 million riders and so 12 % more so it in December 2009Ryan air ‘s Stephen McNamara said:â€Å" Ryan air ‘s guaranteed lowest menus and no fuel surcharges and our figure one on clip public presentation, fewest lost bags and least off flights continue to pull more and more riders every twelvemonth. We are delighted that over 65 million riders travelled with Ryan air in 2009 and we are confident that even more riders will choose for our guaranteed lowest menus in 2010. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.easier.com/64302-ryanair-reports-13-growth-in-2009.htmlLashkar-e-taibas concentrate on some points of Ryan airOBJECTIVES AND VISION Of Ryan AirCustomer servicesTo acquire the higher market portionTo be a cheapest and profitable air hoseCost decreaseGenerate more grossCheap MenusRyan air is a low menus air hose. The system of seats is like 70 % of seats are sold at the lowest two fares.30 % of seats are charged at higher menus. The last 6 % are sold at the highest menu. They provide no nutrient on board rider can purchase or can take nutrient with him self. Air line offers Dublin to London with menus runing from & A ; lb ; 18 to Euro & A ; lb ; 152Cost DecreaseRyan air have non any bureau to sold the ticket via them it sold their tickets via web site instead so to pay any committee to the agents it create the direct nexus with the client. This reduces the cost of the ticket. You can book the ticket online though Internet. This saves them 15 % on bure au committee. They use secondary airdromes to set down because its is cheaper to wing from a secondary airdrome like Stan stead instead so the Heathrow and these sort of secondary air ports are non normally busy so the air trade can be move easy The finish airdrome of Ryan air are secondary so it cut down the menu every bit good.AdsThey spend non much on advertizements. They use simple manner that tell riders that Ryan air has low menus. The aircrafts are decorated with advertizers e.g. News of the World, Jaguar and Kilkenny. There is no cheque in for the air hose on airdromes. You merely demo your passport and give your mention figure.EmployeesThey recruited the pilots when they are immature as pilot plebes. Cabin crew wage when they want their uniforms to be cleaned. They invest in their ain preparation.Excess menus on boardYou can non hold a preferable place. The regulation is foremost come, foremost served. There are no air bridges or tunnel which connects your manner to aircraf t you have to walk or are use coach to the aircraft. Your Baggage is sent straight to the terminus it ‘s speedy. However if your bag is lost or broken into do n't anticipate high degrees of client service.Increasing grossReducing the cost was the chief scheme for Ryan air. To bring forth the gross was the basic focal point sky coach aircraft has the installation of gift store, nutrient store selling all sort of nutrients and gifts like aromas tickers vesture and toilet articless The outside of the aircraft and cabin is full of advertizements like on operating expense bins, rugs, tray tabular arraies. Low cost menus and sky coach advertizementSky BusThe company was established in 2003 and is based in Columbus. On April 5, 2008, Sky coach Airlines it is known as the extremist low cost air hoses after the Ryan air. The planning of Sky coach was to offer cheapest menus in USA which will be 25 % cheaper so south west. The aircraft is designed with the advertizement on it all around on the inside. The air hose offers $ 10 on every flight on this point the CEO of Sky coach said that the flight will offer 10 seats at least $ 10 on every flight Sky coach applied for operating blessing on January 1, 2005, received blessing to run on March 15, 2006, and FAA enfranchisement on May 10, 2007. It had been granted a release to get down ticket gross revenues on April 24, 2007, Sky coach ‘ first rider flights out of Columbus began on May 22, 2007. Less than a twelvemont h subsequently, Sky coach announced on April 4, 2008, that it would discontinue operations as of April 5, mentioning the lagging economic system and lifting fuel costs as causes. Not cited: operational issues doing the air hose to run late flights about 50 % of its short history, low employee morale and rapid enlargement non envisioned in the original concern programMenusThe get downing menus of the all mark finishs began at $ 10 one manner. Airline advertise Al around that 10 seats merely for $ 10. the tickets of the sky coach air hose was the on the half monetary value so the other air hoses. In a 10 dollar one manner ticket the revenue enhancements and other airdrome fees in non included. If we include all of the revenue enhancements and other airdrome fees so a grownup ticket have a cost about $ 40 on manner. So it was the really inexpensive menu to go aroundExcess feesSky bus charge excess fees for any other excess installation other so the ticket this thing is about common in the other cheaper air hoses. A rider can take merely one bag and one personal point in board if he want to transport any excess luggage so he have to pay like if rider want to transport two bags under 50 lbs so he have to pay $ 12 at the counter on the airdrome. If the rider want to transport more extra luggage after two bags so he have to pay $ 50 for each bag. About the over weighting if the weight is over 50 lbs so he have to pay $ 25 but if the weight of the bag exceed 70 lbs so that bag was non acceptableCost decreaseSky coach scheme was to cut down the cost of care so for this the equipments purchased was unvarying which include the engine, electrical parts, and the forces gear. The other scheme of the air hose was to utilize secondary airdromes which are largely non to occupy so it is easy to turn the aircraft and less to rent infinite there is non any tunnel connecting to the aircraft so it cut down the cost on the airdrome the tickets are to be bought online instead so thro ugh any agent it cut down the coursers like committee.Employee rewardsSky coach wage the rewards to the employee with this scheme the attenders were paid $ 9 per flight hr. This pay to the attender was the lower rewards if we compare it with the viing air hoses. Flight attenders besides received 10 % of all gross revenues made during the flight. Sky coach paid the rewards the pilot besides low so the others $ 65000 was paid to the captain yearly and for first officers it was $ 30000. sky coach pilots work 8-10 hours and can work maximal 16 hours.Increasing grossReducing the cost was the chief scheme for sky coach. To bring forth the gross was the basic focal point sky coach aircraft has the installation of gift store, nutrient store selling all sort of nutrients and gifts like aromas tickers vesture and toilet articless The outside of the aircraft and cabin is full of advertizements like on operating expense bins, rugs, tray tabular arraies. Low cost menus and sky coach advertizement.AdThe plane was to the full covered with the name of the air hose and a butterfly logo on the tail of the aircraft. The same advertizements were non for all air trade. The plane of sky coach was branded aeroplane so branded planes featured with the full organic structure advertizements along the fuselage with the tail of the plane and engine of the plane with the sky coach colour strategy.SWOT ANALYSISStrengthsLess cabin crew – no demand of more so plenty cabin crew as there is even no nutrient helping.Increase air trade sittingCost difference from others which is much elf for net incomesFailingThe company has no past backgroundsPoor client coveringFew finishsLimited resourcesSky coach hubs do non supply connexion chances for ridersOpportunitiesPeoples use to go all around so market is largeTax vacations on aircr aft leasingBog advantage from less exposure to political hazardsMenacesRivals in marketWorld crisisChange in oil monetary valuesIndustry analysisBusiness schemeThe concern scheme of sky coach was really similar to Ryan air and sou'-west air hoses if we go through the complete aims and the schemes adopt by these two cheapest air hoses so we have come to cognize that sky coach was based on these two air hoses.The concern scheme the air hoses wasIt focus on low costOnline finingSky coach covered merely 17 finishReduced the costingAd on the planeRequire immature pilotsIncrease the aircraft infiniteExcess menus on excess installationsPESTEL ANALYSISPoliticalGovernment mark is to pull the foreign investing in the stateBlessing of declaration of independencyAfter acquiring the aircraft enfranchisement ( FAA ) granted for ticket gross revenuesEconomicOil monetary values acquiring higher so mite be there will taxation of air goingAir pollution due to aircraft ]Modern turbo fan lessening fuel ingestionBuying power of client is acquiring higherSocialAddition in growing rate and involvement in touristryNo frill airlines comingPeoples going more because of the low costsTechnologicalAircraft industries constructing new air trades with more seatsEngines are created which making less pollution and noiseE – ticketingPorter ANALYSISDickering Power of Suppliers:Now a yearss providers of the aircraft are on the extremum it means they are all holding good market portion because of the high monetary values of the air trade on the other manus the monetary value of oil is altering twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours the providers of oil have a great Impact on the market to supply the oil to the air hosesDickering Power of Customers:Peoples are really witting about the monetary value and besides want the high services for low monetary values the outlook of the clients towards the air hose are acquiring more sing to wellness and safety they appreciate the flights in clip now a yearss the recognition card system have increase the purchasing power of the clients can besides make shopping from cyberspace every bit good as they can be after their vacations and purchase the ticketsMenaceThere are allots of air hoses giving the same services at that place no non much large difference in the monetary value many air hoses besides offers low monetary values due to high competition in the market and there are other replacements of going like trains and coachs so it is besides a menace some clip airdromes are much busy Ns take clip a batch so other replacements take less clip in theses all thingSelling PlanThe scheme of the air hose is to bring forth the gross there is gift store in the air trade for the rider to shop the gifts like aromas, tickers, pocketbooks etc and besides nutrient store which non even the particular nutrient of all types ‘ even particular nutrient for diabetes patient. For the advertizement they have advertise on the inside and outside of the air trade this air hose was known as merely bird fly cheaper because it was merely for $ 10Ryan AirSWOT ANALYSISStrengthRyan air developed a place in the market in 14 old agesIt acquire the benefit of low air port charges by cut downing cost94 % of engagement of ticket done from cyberspacePoint to indicate flight salvage the clip and moneyUse of aircraft for long clip to do more moneyFailingPoor client serviceLimited finishsIncrease in valuesLow Employee lessonOpportunitiesMany more other finish will be unfastened in European sectorOther sectors from European sector will be unfastenedNo frills air hoses can increase the market portionMenacesOil monetary value fluctuationMany planes fly in the air every twenty-four hours so air trafficConscious client about monetary valuesPlague AnalysisPoliticalUS is a politically stable stateIn first the states save there national air hoses but after the bilateral understanding between Ireland and UK. Ryan air can wing to different statesEco nomicFuel and Energy costs are cause of uncertainness.Economic resection is all overSocialTourism tendency is spread outing in every stateLow cost ticket pull the individuals more towards touristry.Tourism has expanded the market in the unexpected statesTechnologicalInternet installation to look into in.Ryan air uses same type of aircraft -Boeing 737s. This reduces operating costs to a higher extent.Industry AnalysisBusiness schemeThe company offers the low menu tickets and point to indicate flights between Ireland and UK. The menu of air hose was extract to the demand of the riders 70 % of seats in a flight are sold at less menus for the path Ryan Air flight Dublin to London was really inexpensive with menus runing ˆ19.00 to ˆ169The characteristics of Low Cost Carrier:Ticket monetary values should be every bit low as possible in Europe.Use of secondary and smaller airdromes100 % E-distribution of ticketsTo increase the capacity of aeroplanesMaximal use of aircrafts due to f ast turnaround times.Extra charges for extra serviceFuel HedgingCost-cutting stepsTo do a chief base location in London – United kingdom.Analysis of the Low – Cost AirlineDickering Power of Suppliers:There are merely two chief providers of planes Boeing and airbus and different provider in the market have different standards so if the air hose wants to exchange the provider from one to other so its hard for the company because air hose has to retrain the pilots and mechanics. in fuel cost is straight connect to the oil monetary value so Ryan air controlled it with the aid of fudgingDickering Power of CustomersNormally client are really sensitive in the instance of monetary value they expect and demand more from the air hoses there are many air hoses in the market who offer besides inexpensive tickets so we have to care of this menu dickering client can easy exchange to the most inexpensive line through cyberspaceMenacethere are other many option of going like autos, tr ains, ferries, etc so this is besides a menace because some clip airdromes are busy on cheque in due to several flight at same clip. The monetary value of oil does non acquire stable any clip.Selling programRyan Air will go on the same services and schemes of low monetary value to pull the client and bring forth the more income. The company is seeking to increase the seats in the aircraft to transport more riders from topographic point to put this thing will increase the fiscal growing of the company ryna air is a low cost service every bit good as a low quality service but company is still seeking to do it up in different manner company is traveling to present the fleet of Boeing 737-800 really shortly. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ryanair.com hypertext transfer protocol: //solvay.ulb.ac.be/cours/alle/BuspPresRyanair04.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ryanair.com/en/about hypertext transfer protocol: //www.planespotters.net/Airline/Skybus-Airlines hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ehow.com/about_5499571_history-skybus-airlines.html hypertext transfer protocol: //www.airfleets.net/flottecie/Skybus-history-a319.htm hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ryanair.com/ie/news/ryanair-calls-for-yes-to-europe-vote-on-2nd-october hypertext transfer protocol: //ritamcgrath.com/ee/images/uploads/Ryanair_Report.pdf

Can-can by Arturo Vivante and The Blue Film by Graham Greene

I mother chosen to discuss Can- lavatory by Arturo Vivante and The Blue remove by Graham Greene. I do this decision as I c atomic number 18 how twain(prenominal) stories where ab come out a get married parallels relationship which in any case involved other cleaning char and stock-still whilst both(prenominal) stories appe atomic number 18d to end differently the boilers suit meanings were in fact the selfsame(prenominal). When give the axevas both stories they showed multiple similarities as well as differences and I was interested in how both Vivante and Greene make office of irony, vision and lyric poem to occasion an atmosphere and how both stories rag up tension before arrival a orgasm.Arturo Vivantes short chronicle Can-Can is about a maintain who is having an intimacy with a woman songed Sarah, who is in addition married. The fib starts at the preserves marital home, where his married woman is p get downing with the children and does the can -can when one of them asks her to. It is at this point that the save starts to question himself e rattlingplace his interest save still leaves and heads to a coffeehouse, where he waits for Sarah. Sarah is running late and he hopes that she wont turn up but she does and they head off to a lake erect where the tommyrot ends with Sarah double-dealing in his arms, however he is signifying of his married woman doing the can-can.Whilst we initially do not have the bill is about a married man having an affair, the first cable television in the story immediately arouses suspicion and raises the question that the hubby might be up to any(prenominal)thing. Im going to go for a drive, he said to his wife. Ill be bear out in an hour or two (Vivante 19885). The keep up doesnt formulate where he is going or what he is doing or how long exactly he will be and the following line tells us that the keep up disappearing for a few hours is actually quite unusual. He didnt fr equently leave the house for more(prenominal) than the few minutes it took him to go to the post office or to a store, but spent his time abeyance around, doing odd jobs (Vivante 19885). Vivante portrays the married man as macrocosm an ordinary, working class man who feels he is living a mundane animateness with his wife. However, his wife is described as world loving and playful, she laughs and dances and doesnt question where he might be off to.The maintains lady of pleasure Sarah is the wholly character who Vivante gives a key out to in the story, Sarah is described as universe a middle-class woman who is in control of the affair and very statuesque with a good job and a car. Phoning Sarah at her officeher asking him to chaffer again next week, finally pose a date (Vivante 19886). Vivantes use of language in the story is very childlike but he sprucely uses some French words to make things seem a bit more exotic and spicy, such(prenominal) as, rendezvous, cafe and t he can-can itself.The imagery Vivante creates with the wife doing the can-can is a get a line you perplex outdoor(a)(p) with you and one that the husband clearly does. The husband doesnt think his wife k like a shots about his affair but we question that she might when she does this dance. Her eyes had ridicule in them, and she laughed (Vivante 19886). Is the wife showing her husband what he is missing? The conversation is confused and ordinary, overmuch reflecting the mundane mood and tang of the husbands character that the nervousness, guilt and uncertainty of the husband creates an atmosphere.Vivante uses a chronological narrative structure that is simple to follow and we k forthwith that the events argon victorious place according to occurrence. The plot is enkindle and Vivante builds up suspense and tension whilst the husband is waiting for Sarah at the cafe with an increase facial expression of guilt. We wonder will he stay or will he leave, will Sarah turn up or wont she? It r all(prenominal)es a climax when Sarah turns up and the husband almost appears disappointed. The husband doesnt appear to slam who or what he desires exactly.The novelty and excitement of the affair seems to have worn off and it has now become a chore, The appointment was at three (Vivante 19886) yet he cant seem to walk away from Sarah. This reflects in the ironic death when Sarah is lying in his arms but he is picturing his wife doing the can-can as she had been earliest in the day. The can-can appears to have had the effect that his wife wanted after all. Graham Greenes short story The blue require is about a married suspender on holiday in Siam, now contend as Thailand. Mrs Carter complains that the holiday is tedious, and urges her husband to take her to Spots.Mr Carter leaves the hotel in attend of something. A little boy comes up to him and, after turning down his offers of a one-year-old missy and a boy, Mr Carter takes him up on the offer of a French accept. Returning to the hotel, he picks up his wife and they set off together to run into the film. Mrs Carter finds the first film unattractive, but the insurgent has some charm. It is not for some time, though, that Mr Carter realises that the film is familiar to him. When he does realise, he tries to get Mrs Carter to leave, but she refuses.It turns out that thirty years ago Mr Carter had been attracted to the young woman in the film. She had needed money, and he had helped her out by acting as her match in the film. On the way back to the hotel, Mrs Carter professes herself shocked, but when they get back to their style she is in fact aroused, and makes love to her husband with a passion she has not known for years. Greene tells us straight away in the first line of the story that something is incorrectly with this couple and that they are not happy. new(prenominal) people enjoy themselves, Mrs Carter said (Greene 198274).The couple would be from a middle-class primer to be in Thailand and later in the story we are told that Mr Carter is a businessman. Greene portrays Mrs Carter as almost being desperate in wanting to please her husband Mr Carter, by wanting to be exciting and look into but we learn that although Mr Carter quite likes experimenting himself, he scarcely doesnt want to with his wife as he isnt physically attracted to her and almost appears to want to get away from her. When he looked at her neck he was reminded of how difficult it was to unstring a misfire (Greene 198274).Greene uses a lot of dialogue end-to-end the story which plays an important role as Greene uses it to create building tension when Mr Carter realises it is him in the film and doesnt want his wife to find out. Greene also uses the dialogue to create a picture of Mr and Mrs Carter, not whole as individuals but what their relationship is like. Im sure we could find a better place than this. No. (Greene 198277). Greene also uses a lot of description oddly in r egards to Mrs Carter, who he even unflatteringly compares to birds on occasion. Her thin bare legs reminded him of a grinder waiting for fish. (Greene 198278).The story is narrated with the impressions that a womans worth is determined finished her attractiveness and economic terms. For example Mr Carter compares his wifes jewellery to slaves bangles. Mr Carter wants to shock his wife in align to put her off, so that she doesnt want to experiment but ironically it has the empty opposite effect. Another irony is that Mr Carter has gone to see something exotic and has ended up seeing himself. The destruction has us realising that he has only ever loved the girl in the film and he has simply married his wife for business reasons, such as taking her to dinner parties.We know this as on that point are only two women in the story, the girl in the film and Mrs Carter, after Mr and Mrs Carter have make love, Mr Carter almost appears to feel abused and he feels lonely and guilty, so we can bring to an end it is not her that he loves. It seemed to him that he had betrayed that shadow the only woman he loved. (Green 198279) When comparing the two stories against each other we can see some noticeable differences. Can-Can appears to be set around the 1960s-80s in America, going out to a call box (Vivante 19886) and is about a young working class couple.The Blue buck however is set around the 1950s, in Thailand and is about a middle-class old couple. It can be seen that whilst Vivante only call the mistress and not the husband and wife in Can-Can, Greene names the husband and wife but not the other woman in The Blue Film. Whilst in Can-Can Vivante uses stripped-down dialogue which doesnt play much of a role, Greenes use of dialogue in The Blue Film plays a very important part in establishing Mr and Mrs Carters relationship and their individual characters.The husband in Can-Can is seen as finding his wife attractive, a smile that suddenly made her look very pr etty (Vivante 19885) and it is her he is idea of at the end of the story however in The Blue Film, Mr Carter finds his wife extremely unattractive, one so often mistook the signs of frigidity for a kind of government note (Greene 198274) and it is the girl in the film that he is idea of at the end of the film.Greene creates a lot more imagery in terms of the setting, his wife, himself and the girl in the film whereas Vivantes main use of imagery is his wife doing the can-can. In comparison whilst there are several differences there are also similarities. Vivante and Greene have written both Can-Can and The Blue Film in the ternary person and tell you what the husbands are intellection and feeling, guilt, tension, nervousness and uncertainty, both depicting the husbands as being in conflict with themselves and their decisions. Carter lay in the dark silent, with a feeling of loneliness and guilt (Greene 198279). Both stories have lots of irony, For a moment I was afraid you wher e thinking of your wife (Vivante 19886) and the same theme of a husband having feelings for another woman outside of his marriage and the events that take place in both stories are that the husband makes love with this other woman.The openings of each story are similar and we know straight away that something isnt powerful and whilst initially we believe that the final results are different, with Vivante closure Can-Can with the husband thinking of his wife and Greene ending The Blue Film with the husband thinking of the other woman, the prostitute, they are actually ending very similarly. Both husbands are thinking of the women they actually love and the ironic ending in both stories is that both are experiencing that the grass isnt always greener on the other side.